The countries
Economic profiles of Kazakhstan, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg — geography, population, key industries and resources.
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The Republic of Kazakhstan
A state at the heart of Eurasia. Among the ten largest countries in the world by area, bordering Russia to the west and north and China to the east.
Economy
An active member of the Eurasian Economic Union, the leading economy in Central Asia and the region’s largest financial centre. The country exports oil, gas, metals and other raw materials.
Mineral resources
Of the 105 elements in the periodic table, 99 have been found in Kazakhstan’s subsoil, proven reserves exist for 70 of them, and more than 60 are in production. Around 6,000 deposits are registered. The country ranks among the top ten for proven oil reserves, is second in the world for uranium and sixth for gold.
Nature
Kazakhstan has a uniquely diverse bio-landscape, ranging from northern deserts to alpine meadows and permanent snow. Historically it is a distinctive region, rich in cultural traditions and ancient artefacts.
Five economic regions
Northern Kazakhstan — grain farming, iron ore and coal mining, machinery, oil-product and ferroalloy production, power generation. Eastern Kazakhstan — non-ferrous metallurgy, power generation, machinery and forestry. Western Kazakhstan — the country’s largest oil and gas region. Central Kazakhstan — ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, machinery, livestock farming. Southern Kazakhstan — cotton, rice, grain, fruit, vegetables and grapes, plus non-ferrous metallurgy, instrument-making, light industry, food processing, fishing and forestry.
Investment climate
Kazakhstan has made attracting foreign direct investment a priority, continually improving the investment climate and creating favourable, distinctive conditions for investors — a factor central to the country’s sustainable development.